Timothy Fuller was born in Chilmark, Dukes County, Massachusetts, on 11th July, 1778. Educated in Harvard University he taught at Leicester Academy before being admitted to the bar in Boston in 1804.

Fuller served in the State senate between 1813-1817. A member of the Republican Party, Fuller was elected to Congress four times (4th March, 1817 to 3rd March, 1825) and served as chairman of the Naval Affairs Committee.

Fuller, the father of Margaret Fuller, returned to the State senate between 1825-28. Timothy Fuller died from cholera in Gorton, Middlesex County, Massachusetts on 1st October, 1835.