Thomas Aylesbury was born in 1576. A close associate of Duke of Buckingham, Aylesbury became Master of Requests and Master of the Mint. He had his portrait painted by William Dobson in 1642.

On the outbreak of the Civil War Aylesbury supported Charles I and became a member of the royal court in Oxford.

After the defeat of the royalist forces he went into exile and lived in the Netherlands until his death in 1657.